Several key technologies for implementing IPTV in cable TV network

Another key technology of IPTV for cable TV network is called CDN , which means content distribution network, it is a strategy. Based on what considerations? The cable TV network is basically a hybrid network. The backbone uses a fiber-optic network, and there are various ways to connect to the user. Now it is mainly connected to the user by cable. If IPTV services are launched on this network, there are several bottlenecks. One is the bottleneck of the server. The capacity of the server itself is limited. Supporting hundreds of streams to thousands of streams is already a good server. But what if the deployment is large and tens of thousands of users are watching, it is impossible to realize a single machine? Generally speaking, the server is expanded by a cluster, and the server is assembled in a cluster to load. Another bottleneck is the network, which is installed to the home. Tens of millions and tens of thousands of users are watching at the same time. The bandwidth is very wide, and the network bandwidth is very large. Therefore, the CDN content distribution method mainly uses the core edge method and the server. In the distribution mode, all programs are stored in the central core station, and the content is distributed to the edge website through the backbone network of the radio and television. The edge website is basically close to the user. Under the cell and fiber point, in fact, the user ’s service, Directly served by the edge router, alleviating the pressure on the bandwidth of the backbone network, but what is the problem? We need a strategy for how to distribute the content to the streaming server on the edge.

Now there is a new technology, using a more advanced method, using a high-performance streaming server in the front end, of course, the price is relatively high, the performance is relatively high, can serve thousands of users, tens of thousands of users at the same time, through the backbone The network sends the program directly to the user, and in the edge cell, only one edge band is used for management, which requires the backbone network to be very high, reaching more than 10G. This method has a great advantage. For users, networking is very simple. And like the method just now, there is a problem. As the number of users increases, there will be more and more edge servers. For operators, the cost of managing these edge servers is very high.

IPTV programs and electronic program guides are generally in the form of HTML, and are transmitted to the set-top box through the IT network. The set-top box is displayed with a built-in browser and can cooperate with each other. The use of IP systems in the cable TV system of radio and television also requires back-end technology, which is the back-end support, mainly billing, digital rights management, and user management of these services. The billing in this way is very flexible. It can be based on media type, time period, and people visited. The billing crowd can be monthly packages, pay-per-view, and so on. The related technology of background management is digital copyright technology. The scheme used in DVB-C cable TV is called CA technology, which performs user management and authorization authentication, but IPTV mainly uses authentication technology and digital rights management methods to authenticate users for copyright.

The realization of digital copyright mainly uses digital encryption technology and higher watermarking technology to protect the copyright of streaming media, and it is a point-to-point security mechanism that can realize the authentication and denial of information, as well as the invasion Respond and achieve safety.

Another technology to realize IPTV in the cable TV network is access technology. Radio and television access technology is mainly two-way transformation now, mainly using the cat technology. However, there are some technologies that use Category 5 cables. There are also ADLS technology, and even wireless broadband. The recent development is very fast, and the technology has reached 100 trillion. In addition, there are some access technologies, but they are all non-mainstream.

Another technology is the set-top box, which is directly to the user. To realize IPTV technology in the field of cable TV, first of all, the way cable TV is now spread is MPEG-2. If IPTV is implemented, PMEG-4 should also be monitored in real time during decoding. There are several aspects of technology, including hardware compression. The hardware for MPEG-4 will be rolled out at the end of next year or next year. The current implementation method is mainly soft decompression technology, and the decompressed program is calculated into DSP technology.

For the IPTV service in cable TV, there are some resources that can be used directly. Cable TV already has some management interfaces, such as the user management interface SMS, and the settlement interface. There is also an interface for supervision. The supervision interface is the needs of the radio and television industry, and there must be a supervision interface for the safety of the program.

To realize the IPTV system, you don't need to establish a set of user interface and settlement interface by yourself, you can directly use the existing interface of the cable TV, reducing the operator's investment.

Of course, if these interfaces are to be used directly, the definition of interface technology and the specification of interfaces must be done.

The Internet has mainly carried out several studies, hoping to cooperate with the majority of equipment manufacturers and broadcast operators to promote the development of IPTV in the broadcast industry and promote cable TV from analog technology to digital technology.

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