Design of UAV Aviation Remote Sensing Control System Based on AT89S52
Compared with satellite and manned aerial aircraft remote sensing platforms, drones are characterized by low cost and high flexibility. In order to meet scientific remote sensing experiments, complete remote sensing tasks, coordinate multi-component work in drone electronic pods, and control the attitude of remote sensing image sensors, the system uses AT89S52 as the main control chip to extend the multi-channel serial port and USB interface to realize the system and peripheral devices. The communication is designed with the camera drive module and the three-degree-of-freedom stepper motor drive module. The UAV aerial remote sensing experiment proves that the system can meet the requirements of remote sensing experiments.
As an important part of human early aviation, UAV technology has been used for more than one hundred years and has been widely used in the military field. The major Western countries regard it as the future development direction of the Air Force. In recent years, the scope of application of drones has expanded from the initial military field to the civilian and scientific fields. China's drone industry started late, but it is developing rapidly. Has stepped into the forefront of the world. In modern society, remote sensing technology has become an important means for humans to acquire information about the geographical environment and its changes. With the development of information science and related industries, the demand for remote sensing data has increased dramatically. However, for many developing and underdeveloped countries, the development of costly space remote sensing systems currently has technical and financial difficulties. The use of drones as a remote sensing platform for aerial photography and Earth observation provides a new technical approach to solving this problem, injecting fresh blood into remote sensing applications.
Compared with satellite and manned aerial aircraft remote sensing platforms, drones are characterized by low cost and high flexibility. However, traditional drones are not designed for remote sensing purposes. Similarly, many remote sensing devices are not designed specifically for drones. As a result, integration difficulties between them have been caused. In order to meet remote sensing science experiments, The remote sensing and authenticity test, remote sensing sensor test and other remote sensing experiments are in great demand. The UAV aerial remote sensing experimental platform is a good solution. The airborne operation control system of the UAV aerial remote sensing platform can coordinate the multi-component work of the electronic pod in the UAV aerial remote sensing platform, and the attitude control of the remote sensing image sensor in real time is crucial for obtaining good and effective remote sensing data. The role.
The goal of the system is to meet the needs of UAV aerial remote sensing operations. The system controls the drone to perform remote sensing operations according to a predetermined job planning task or accepts manual remote control, coordinates the work of multiple components in the electronic pod, and digital radio, autopilot, stable head, attitude system, and CCD/camera Connected.
System features include:
(1) Receive the digital radio command to divert the command to the stable pan/tilt and CCD/camera;
(2) receiving time, longitude, latitude, altitude, pitch, roll, heading and other parameters of the attitude and attitude system and the autopilot, storing them in the control system and transmitting them back to the ground flight control station by the digital transmission station;
(3) Generate motor drive parameters according to the parameters of the attitude and attitude system, drive the stable pan/tilt, and keep the stable pan/tilt in a stable horizontal (or vertical) state;
(4) Data storage, storage of operational tasks and related parameters of the attitude system and autopilot, and can be imported into the ground flight control station via the USB interface.
The schematic diagram of the airborne operation control system of the UAV aerial remote sensing platform is shown in the dotted line. The system consists of MCU (microcontroller), power supply, data memory, RAM expansion, 4-way serial port expansion, 1-channel USB expansion, and step. It is composed of 8 sub-modules including motor drive, CCD/camera drive and power supply. MCU is the core part of the whole system, responsible for communication with its data memory, 4-way serial port expansion, 1-way USB expansion and RAM expansion module, and generates control signals of CCD/camera and stepper motor according to the operation plan to control the corresponding drive. Module. The power module is responsible for supplying power to each submodule. The core device is a low-power, high-performance 8-bit microprocessor AT89S52 developed by American ATMEL. The chip integrates 8 KB ISP (In System Programmable) to re-write high-density non-volatile Flash. Fully compatible with the Intel 80C51 output pin and command system. This eliminates the need for additional program memory and allows for fast processing of data processing tasks.
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