6G project started What is 6G Will 6G replace optical fiber?
A few days ago, some media reported that my country's 6G concept research was launched this year. The theoretical download speed of 6G can reach 1TB per second. It is expected that 6G research and development will officially start in 2020, and it will be put into commercial use in 2030.
What is 6G? Almost all 6G topics today are inseparable from "towards the terahertz era".
In order to increase the speed, mobile communication has been expanding to higher frequency bands. The 5G frequency band has been expanded from 450MHz to 52.6GHz, while 6G will enter the terahertz (THz) frequency band, which usually refers to 0.1THz to 3THz (1THz=1000GHz).
The higher the frequency band, the larger the bandwidth and the higher the rate. The higher and higher wireless transmission rates inevitably raise questions: Will 6G replace optical fibers one day?
In fact, without waiting for the 6G terahertz era, wireless is already gradually replacing some optical fibers in the 5G era.
28GHz 5G FWA: The last mile alternative to fiber-to-the-home
5G fixed wireless access (FWA) is to set up 5G base stations near residential houses (such as on utility poles), and the millimeter-wave beams emitted by 5G antennas are directed to the CPE terminals in the home to replace fiber-to-the-home and meet the needs of home broadband Internet access .
On October 1, the US operator Verizon launched the first commercial 5G millimeter wave fixed wireless service, which they call "Verizon 5G Home", which can provide families with Internet speeds of 300-940mbps.
5G fixed wireless access is to replace the last few hundred meters of fiber to the home to save expensive fiber installation costs.
A few hundred meters is not far, the following project is not only to replace the optical fiber to the home, but to replace the optical fiber access network.
60GHz Terragraph: An Alternative to Fiber Access Networks
First watch a video:
This is the Terragraph project that Deutsche Telekom and Facebook are cooperating to deploy. The project was launched in 2016. Its basic principle is to use the 60GHz millimeter-wave Mesh (mesh) networking method to integrate the last few hundred meters of fixed wireless access and network. " "Backhaul" in one, to replace part of the fiber access network.
Terragraph's slogan is "the 'virtual fiber' for high-speed fixed broadband," aiming to provide fiber-like speeds in metro-class service areas in lieu of expensive fiber to deploy.
Above 95GHz: Ideal for 5G backhaul
The following is from a proposal submitted to the FCC by US carrier T-Mobile in May of this year:
The paper points out that due to the installation cost and geographical constraints of fiber deployment, wireless backhaul is superior to fiber, and the wireless spectrum above 95GHz is well suited to support 5G backhaul for two reasons: first, its high-bandwidth transmission capability is 5G backhaul. Ideal candidate; second, narrow beams avoid interference.
The article even raised the "band above 95GHz for 5G backhaul" to a level that "helps the United States maintain its leading position in the wireless field."
To sum up, from 28GHz, to 60GHz, to frequency bands above 95GHz, from fiber to the home, to fiber access network, to 5G network backhaul, as the wireless frequency band continues to rise, the scope of its replacement fiber is also expanding. Expansion, therefore, inevitably raises the question of whether the 6G terahertz era will further replace optical fibers.
However, it is certain that no matter how high the wireless frequency band is and how much bandwidth it has, it is limited by the characteristics of short-distance propagation, and can only replace some optical fiber application scenarios at most, and more and more optical fibers are still required for long-distance transmission in the future. .
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